New York

New York — often known as New York City to distinguish it from the state of New York — is the most populated city in the United States  and the city is the largest in New York State and the United States of America. And the most influential in the fields of commerce and finance, media, art and fashion, science and technology, education, entertainment and tourism. 

New York City is considered one of the most important centres of trade and money in the world, as it is the economic capital of the United States for a large number of companies and international banks in it, and there is the headquarters of the United Nations, the stock market and the Dow Jones Industrial Average. New York City is described as the cultural and economic capital of the world.

Among its most famous neighbourhoods: Manhattan, the Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island. It is known as Broadway Street, where many theatre shows are held, and Central Park is one of the largest public parks in the world. The roots of New York City go back to the year 1624 when it was established as a commercial centre by settlers from the Dutch Republic, and it was named New Amsterdam in the year 1626. The city and its surrounding areas came under English control in 1664 and were named New York after Charles II of England granted lands To his brother, the Duke of York. New York was the capital of the United States of America from 1785 until 1790.

  history and name

The first European explorers arrived, Giovanni de Verrazzano in 1524 AD, and the explorers followed after him, then in 1614 AD the place witnessed the establishment of a Dutch commercial fur colony named in 1625 AD “New Amsterdam” on the southern tip of Manhattan, and Peter Minuit bought Manhattan Island from the American Indians in the same year, Until the British forces invaded it on June 24, 1664, and fell in their hands in October 1664 from the hands of the Dutch and changed its name to “New York”. Then it became the capital of the United States from 1785 AD to 1790 AD after the American Revolution, and in my opinion, it was called New York to revive the name of the British city of York, which Most of the origins of the new immigrants are due to this city, In the events of September 11, 2001, the city lost the twin towers of the World Trade Center and the lives of thousands of civilians when two planes intentionally collided with them in a terrorist operation. Evidence proving his involvement in the operation, and most Muslims condemned the terrorist attack

The importance of the city

New York City is the largest centre of industry, commerce and money, and it has the largest governmental and private institutions. Government and industrial institutions provide seven million jobs, of which three million and a third million jobs are within the city, and the rest are in the suburbs, and the city’s economy and its suburbs are in constant growth, and since 1940 AD, the suburban economy has been developing It develops further as a result of the spread of roads and the increase in the workforce.

New York is ranked third, after Los Angeles and Chicago, in terms of industrial activity; With 17,000 factories operating in the field of clothing, New York produces one-sixth of the US production from printing and publishing, and also produces food and chemicals, furniture, paper and textiles, and New York Port is one of the largest ports that operate in the field of import and export, with 200,000 workers. Its position deteriorated slightly after the opening of other ports on the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River. As for money, insurance, stocks and real estate companies, it employs about 495,000 workers, the most famous of which is the New York Stock Exchange.

The economic activity of the city is served by a huge network of transportation; Three and a half million people use it daily. New York is also the largest call centre in the United States, with many communication, printing and publishing companies, and about 60 radio and television stations.

New York is also one of the largest cultural centres in the world, with many halls of art, theatres, music, museums and the famous cultural societies on Broadway. Some famous poets, writers, actors and artists also belong to it. The city’s wealthy played an important role in supporting cultural activity. The presence of an atmosphere of free expression and the numerous advertising and communication companies contributed greatly to the flourishing of culture in the city.

Architecture

New York includes buildings of various architectural designs, as there are wooden buildings designed in the form of boxes with one or two floors and a sloping roof, and this style of houses is seen in the Brooklyn area dating back to the year 1656, and there are also buildings in the city with more modern design such as skyscrapers that are characterized by It includes New York City, especially Manhattan, and the Empire State Building in New York’s tallest and most important building. One World Trade Center, which is known as the Freedom Tower, is being built in the Ground Zero, which was built on the ruins of the World Trade Center after the events of September 11, 2001.

 The gardens

New York has nearly 28,000 acres (110 km2) of parks and 14 miles (23 km) of public beaches [23]. New York parks: Central Park, Prospect Park, Flushing Meadows-Corona Park, Forest Park, Washington Square Park and Pelham Bay Park are the largest. New York parks with an area of 2,700 acres.

New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a New York borough: 

Manhattan: (New York County; population: 1,629,054) 

The Bronx: (Bronx County; population: 1,397,287) Brooklyn: (Kings County; population: 2,567,098) Queens: (Queens County; population: 2,306,712) Staten Island: (Richmond County; population: 491,730)

Accommodation of the most important problems in New York and longer. About 65% of the city’s population lives in rented apartments or hotels, unlike what is found in other states, where the majority of families live in single and owned homes. Most of the city’s homes are old, built before 1940, and need to be renovated.

• New York City is working to get out of the crisis that afflicted it after being exposed to the terrorist attacks of September 11, in which the two World Trade Center towers were destroyed in 2001 when two hijacked civilian planes collided in the morning with the towers and then collapsed, killing about 3 thousand people who were in the towers.

New York is a diverse city

The population of New York consists mainly of immigrants throughout the ages. From two hundred inhabitants in 1626, the population of New York jumped to about a thousand years in 1656, following the arrival of the British, Germans and Scandinavians. In the year 1800, the population reached 60,000 people, most of them were British. Then, between the years 1850 and 1860, Germans and Irish arrived in large numbers, and the population doubled 10 times. Application to repel immigration during the twenties, blacks came to the city from the south of the United States of America in large numbers, reaching 5.2 million residents, and in the year 1990, the number of New York residents born outside of it was estimated at 30% as a result of the influx of refugees from Southeast Asia And the Caribbean Islands, Africa, South and Central America since the 1960s.

Christianity is the predominant religion in the city and the percentage of Christians is about 63% of the city’s population. The Roman Catholic Church comes at the forefront of Christian sects (36%), followed by Protestant churches (26%). It is followed by Judaism, with the approximately 1.1 million Jews (8%) residing in New York City, of whom more than half a million reside in Brooklyn. Islam is ranked third (2%), and the number of Muslims varies according to various estimates between 600,000-1,000,000 people. It is mentioned that 10% of public school students in Medina are Muslims. There are followers of Hinduism and Buddhism and various religious groups in the city, as well as atheists and non-believers who make up 19% of the city’s population.

Economy

It is estimated that New York alone owns more than 21 per cent of the global banking market, and its basic banking system consists of Shays Manhattan Bank, City Corp., Morgan and Bankers Trust, and includes more than 445 banks, and about 105,000 homes are connected to it. I worked as a banker in international commercial activities. Today, these activities tend to expand outside the ‘Fina Shayal District’ (business district). New avenues in Brooklyn and Queens. New York is also the world’s first benchmark for stock market valuations, thanks to the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the recent Nasdaq.

New York alone believes in four-fifths of the activities of the American stock exchanges. In addition to these activities, the city includes most of the American and international insurance companies and more than a thousand of its branches, in addition to four-fifths of the offices of American legal and financial services, some of which have a global dimension. New York is also home to the overwhelming majority of US financial audit firms of global importance. 

New York Power Factors

The geographical location of New York City and the quality of its transportation infrastructure provide an outlet for a very important consumer market, in addition to the presence of one of the most prominent ports in the world and three airports that are “among the busiest airports in the country. This dense network of roads allows access to a huge market located over a radius of 1200 Km around the city, an area that represents about half of the population of the United States of America and Canada and half of their income and activity.

tourism

Tourism is one of the most important industries in New York City, with more than 41 million domestic and foreign tourists visiting the city annually over the past five years.

Tourist destinations of the city include the Empire State Building and the Statue of Liberty; Ellis Island; Broadway shows; And also museums such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art; as well as green spaces such as Central Park, Washington Square Park, Rockefeller Center, and Times Square in addition to luxurious shopping centres along Fifth Street and Madison, and among the factors that attract tourists are also events such as Halloween in Greenwich Village, Thanksgiving offers At the Macy’s Center, and Gallery of the Day in St. Patrick’s, Not to mention seasonal activities like snowboarding in Central Park in winter, the Tribeca Film Festival, and free shows at Central Park in Somerset. As well as the Bronx Zoo, Coney Island, and New York Botanical Garden, among others

In 2010 New York broke a record in the number of tourists, which reached 49 million tourists, and in 2011 the number of tourists reached 50 million.

the kitchen

New York City’s food culture includes a variety of international cuisines that have been influenced by the city’s immigrant history. Immigrants from Eastern Europe and Italy made the city famous for its New York-style bread, cheesecake and pizza, while Chinese restaurants are everywhere. Where the city gave the 4,000 food vendors a license to sell, many immigrants owned food vans on the streets of modern New York and some of these carts sell, for example, falafel and kebabs, but hot dogs and pastries are still dominant on the streets, and New York is also home to many One of the finest and most diverse restaurants in the United States.